无电焊接焊条(笔）

Non-electric Welding Rod (Pen)

一、 产品简介

    I   Introduction

无电焊接技术是基于自蔓延技术发展而成的一种新的焊接技术，能够在没有电源、气源及大型辅助设备的基础上对金属实现焊接。

Based on the self-propagating technology, non-electric welding is a new breed of welding technology capable of welding metals even without power, gas and large-scale supporting equipment.

该产品是由山东军浩苑环保科技有限公司自主研发的、主要应用于应急抢险一种新型焊接维修产品。 

This product is a new welding product for maintenance solely developed by Shandong Junhaoyuan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. for the use in emergency rescue and extreme environment.

   二、产品特点：

   II   Features:

1、操作简单，方便携带

1. User friendly and potable welding rod

2、无须使用电源和其他辅助设备

2. Work without power and other supporting equipment

3、用火机或火柴即可点燃

3. Ignition by lighters or matches

4、使用范围广泛

4. Wide application

   三、无电焊条（笔）技术特性与尺寸、质量

   III.  Technical Parameters, Sizes and Mass of Non-electric Welding Rod (Pen)

  无电焊接焊条主要技术特性与尺寸、质量

Main Technical Parameters, Sizes and Mass of Non-electric Welding Rod (Pen)

四、使用方法

IV  How to Use

无电焊接技术的基本操作技术主要包括启焊、运条、接头和收尾。焊接操作过程中，运用好这四种基本操作技术，才能保证焊缝的施焊质量。各项基本操作步骤如下：

The main basic operation techniques of the non-electric1 welding technology include starting, electrode, joint and ending. Mastering the above four basic techniques in welding will ensure the welding quality of the weld seam. Procedures of each technique are as follows:

1、做好必要的防护并且准备好焊接工件后，将焊条置于待焊接的焊缝上方约2～3，用火机对准焊缝引燃焊条的引火线后即可以开始实施焊接。开始瞬间由于焊件温度低，焊条提供热量有限，焊条运动速度过快不易于使焊缝熔合，甚至影响后续的焊接效果，因此焊条引燃后，应注意观察焊缝局部受热变化，当焊缝形成熔池以后再开始沿着焊接方向移动焊条。特别是在焊接厚大焊件时应当更加注意观察。

1. When necessary protection is worn and weld work pieces are prepared, place the rod to a height 2～3 mm above the seam to be welded and ignite the blasting fuse of the rod with a lighter to begin welding. At the beginning as the work piece's temperature is low and the rod could only supply limited heat, moving the rod quickly is not good for the fusion of weld seam even could affect the following welding. Thus, when ignite the rod, especially when thick work piece is welded, attention shall be paid to change in heating of partial seam, do not move the rod toward the weld direction until a molten pool is formed in the weld seam.

2、焊接过程中，焊条相对焊缝所做的各种动作的总称叫运条。运条过程需要焊条末端有三个基本动作要互相配合，即焊条沿着轴线向熔池送进、焊条沿着焊接方向移动、焊条作横向摆动，这三个动作共同组成焊条有规则的运动。

2. When welding, acts by the rod on the seam is collectively called electrode manipulation. Electrode manipulation requires cooperation of three basic acts in the end the rod, namely, pushing the rod to the molten pool along the axis, moving toward the weld direction and waving crosswise, all of them make up the regular movement of the rod.

3、后焊焊缝与先焊焊缝的连接处称为焊缝接头。焊条焊接时，由于受到焊条长度的限制，或焊接位置的限制，在焊接过程中产生两段焊缝接头的情况不可避免，接头处的焊逢应力求均匀，防止产生过高、脱节、宽窄不一致等缺陷。中间接头是后焊焊缝从先焊焊缝收尾处开始焊接。这种接头好焊，操作适当时，几乎看不出接头。接头时在弧坑前10附近引燃焊条启焊，当形成熔池时，立即回移至弧坑处，压低燃弧，稍作摆动，再转入正常焊接向前移动。这种接头方法用得多。

3. The part where the after and first seams meet each other is called the joint. When the rod works, it is unavoidable to create two joint due to limitation from rod's length and the weld position, therefore, seam in the joint should be even to prevent defects of too high, disjoint, inconsistent, etc. Middle joint is welded from the finishing point of the first seam with the after seam. This is the easiest one, the joint could not be seen if operated properly. When joining, ignite the rod to start at a position 10 mm near the crater, immediately remove it to the crater, lowering the arcing, wave slightly and change to normal welding and move forward when a molten pool is formed. This kind of joining method is the one used most often.

4、焊接结束时，若立即将焊条移出焊缝，则焊缝收尾处熔池中的气体来不及逸出，就会产生气孔，受热量不够，易产生末焊透等缺陷，不仅会降低焊缝收尾处的强度，还容易产生热裂纹。焊条过慢移出焊缝，还容易产生凹陷很深的弧坑或焊穿等缺陷。为防止出现这些缺陷，必须采取合理的收尾方法，填满焊缝收尾处的弧坑。常用的方法有划圈收弧法、回焊法等。

4. When welding finishes, immediate remove the rod from the seam is not good for the escape of gas in the molten pool in the finishing point of the seam thus will result in creation of air holes, insufficient heat, much possibility of end complete penetration and other defects, that will not only reduce the seam strength in the finishing point but also likely create hot cracks.

5、实施焊接后，等待30秒～40秒，待焊渣由熔融状态完全凝固，颜色由耀眼的红色转成深褐色时，即可以实施焊渣清理工作。清渣时，用清渣锤由里向外轻轻敲打焊渣。由于焊渣在1000℃左右开始凝固，因此凝固后的温度还很高，敲击时幅度要小，尽量减少飞溅范围。

5. When the welding work finishes, wait for 30 to 40 seconds until slag is completely coagulated from molten condition and turns to dark brown from bright red, then you may clear up the slag. When cleaning use a hammer to rock the slag in an inner-to-outer manner. Remember to rock slightly and do your best to avoid spatters because slag starts to be coagulated at round 1000℃ so the temperature is still very high.

   五、焊接实例

   V.  Case Study

实际操作中，焊接实例如下图所示。

In real operation, welding is done as the following pictures show.

焊接板材                                                                         

Welding plates

水管补漏                                                                               Trapping water pipes

汽车油箱补漏                                                                       Trapping car tank

   六、注意事项：

    VI  Precautions:

1. 实施焊接以前务必对燃烧型焊条进行检查，对出现残损、破裂、褶皱等缺陷的焊条，严禁适用。

1. Prior to welding, please make use check the combustion type rod has been checked and those with defects like damage, fracture, drape, etc. is strictly forbidden.

2. 实施焊接场所应当选择相对空旷，通风良好的场合，操作者应当佩戴相应护具。操作人员尽量远离烟尘飘逸方向。

2. Work in a respectively spacious and ventilated place. Users should wear proper protection and keep away from the direction that dusts goes.

3. 点燃焊条时，操作人员应当注意安全，防止引火线燃烧后灼伤身体。

3. When igniting the rod, users shall bear in mind safety and avoid burning body when the fuse is ignited.

4. 焊接完成后，由于焊缝金属尚未完全凝固，故不要急于触动焊接，也不要急于清理焊渣，防止破坏焊缝金属，使之出现热裂纹等缺陷。

4. When welding finishes, as metal in the seam is not completely coagulated, do not hurry to touch the weld position nor clear up slag to avoid damaging the metal and result in defects such as hot crack in it.

5. 燃烧型焊条一旦引燃无法熄灭，因此实施焊接时应当选择适当长度的焊条。如果焊缝完成后，焊条尚未燃完，勿使之对着人或其它物体燃烧。应该使燃弧向下，尽量使之靠近地面，直至燃烧完全。

5. To avoid the case that the rod could not be extinguished, choosing a rod with appropriate length is advised. In the event that the rod has not burned totally when finish welding, do not burn people or other subjects with it, and you should keep the arcing down and close to the ground until it is burned completely.

   七、常见故障分析与排除

   VII. Frequent Accident Analysis and Removal

燃烧型焊条操作时常见故障主要是焊缝金属不能很好的在焊件上铺展，金属和焊渣不能很好分离，使得焊缝金属少，甚至不能实现焊接要求。

Usual accidents in using combustion type rod include the metal for welding could not be perfectly paved on the work pieces and the difficult isolation between metal and slag makes less metal and makes it failing to weld.

上述故障主要是因为起焊时速度过快，熔池没有完全形成导致。

The abovementioned accidents are resulted from excessively fast speed in starting and the molten pool has not totally formed.  

解决方法主要是规范操作技法。

It could be avoided by using standard procedures.

   八、产品用途

    VIII. Functions

主要用于灾后抢修抢建中的应急维修焊接野外下的安装、维修、抢救工作，如地震、矿井、石油及消防工作的紧急救护。汽车、船舶和铁路等交通工具的修理及事故处理，上下水管道的维修以及通讯、电网导线、输变点设备的焊接处理等......

This product is designed for the purpose of handling work like assembly, maintenance and rescue in the wild for emergency maintenance in post-disaster repairs and construction, such as earthquakes, mine, petroleum and fire. It is also could be applied to repair and solving accidents of cars, vessels, railways, etc., maintenance of pipelines and welding of communication, grid wires, substation points equipment, etc.

   九、产品规格

IX  Specification

无电焊条（笔）规格                                                             Specification of the Non-electric Welding Rod (Pen)