铸造铝合金成分和分组
铝合金铸造随着现代工业的发展,铝和铝合金得到了广泛的应用。除了需要高导热性、高导电性和高耐腐蚀性的零件使用纯铝制造外,为了满足各种工程的需要,铝中大都添加了某些元素来获得所需要的性能,即以铝合金的形式被采用。
铸造铝合金中常含有的合金元素:硅(Si)、铜(Cu)、镁(Mg)、锌(Zn)、锡(Sn)、和其他一些元素如铬(Cr)、锰(Mn)、镍(Ni)、铍(Be)、镐(Zr)、钛(Ti)、等。按合金所含基本合金元素的不同,可以将铸造合金分为四大组:
(1)、铸造铝-硅合金;
(2)、铸造铝-铜合金;
(3)、铸造铝-镁合金;
(4)、铸造铝-锌合金;
以下为用于生产中铸造铝合金的代号,主要的化学成分和杂质含量的分布表:
铸造铝合金的主要化学成分
序号 |
合金牌号 |
合金代号 |
主 要 化 学 成 分 (%) |
||||||||
硅 |
铜 |
镁 |
锰 |
锌 |
镍 |
铬 |
钛 |
铝 |
|||
|
铝-硅合金 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
101号铸铝 |
ZL101 |
6.0~8.0 |
|
0.2~0.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
其余 |
2 |
102号铸铝 |
ZL102 |
10.0~13.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
其余 |
3 |
103号铸铝 |
ZL103 |
4.5~6.0 |
1.5~3.0 |
0.3~0.7 |
0.3~0.7 |
0.3~0.7 |
|
|
|
其余 |
4 |
104号铸铝 |
ZL104 |
8.0~10.5 |
|
0.17~0.3 |
0.2~0.5 |
0.2~0.5 |
|
|
|
其余 |
5 |
105号铸铝 |
ZL105 |
4.5~5.5 |
1.0~1.5 |
0.35~0.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
其余 |
6 |
106号铸铝 |
ZL106 |
7.0~8.5 |
1.0~2.0 |
0.2~0.6 |
0.2~0.6 |
0.2~0.6 |
|
|
|
其余 |
7 |
107号铸铝 |
ZL107 |
6.5~7.5 |
3.5~4.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
其余 |
8 |
108号铸铝 |
ZL108 |
11.0~13.0 |
1.0~2.0 |
0.4~1.0 |
0.3~0.9 |
0.3~0.9 |
|
|
|
其余 |
9 |
109号铸铝 |
ZL109 |
11.0~13.0 |
0.5~1.5 |
0.8~1.5 |
|
|
0.5~1.5 |
|
|
其余 |
10 |
110号铸铝 |
ZL110 |
4.0~6.0 |
5.0~8.0 |
0.2~0.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
其余 |
11 |
111号铸铝 |
ZL111 |
8.0~10.0 |
1.3~1.8 |
0.4~0.6 |
0.1~0.35 |
0.1~0.35 |
|
|
0.1~0.35 |
其余 |
|
铝-铜合金 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12 |
201号铸铝 |
ZL201 |
|
4.5~5.3 |
|
0.6~1.0 |
|
|
|
0.15~0.35 |
其余 |
13 |
202号铸铝 |
ZL202 |
|
9.0~11.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
其余 |
14 |
203号铸铝 |
ZL203 |
|
4.5~5.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
其余 |
|
铝-镁合金 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
301号铸铝 |
ZL301 |
|
|
9.5~11.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
其余 |
16 |
302号铸铝 |
ZL302 |
0.8~1.3 |
|
4.5~5.5 |
0.1~0.4 |
|
|
|
|
其余 |
|
铝-锌合金 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17 |
401号铸铝 |
ZL401 |
6.0~8.0 |
|
0.1~0.3 |
|
9.0~13.0 |
|
|
|
其余 |
18 |
402号铸铝 |
ZL402 |
|
|
0.3~08 |
|
5.0~7.0 |
|
0.3~0.8 |
0.1~0.4 |
其余 |
铸造铝合金的杂质含量
序号 |
合金牌号 |
合金代号 |
杂 质 含 量 (不大于%) |
|||||||||||
铁 |
硅 |
铜 |
镁 |
锰 |
锌 |
镍 |
铬 |
钛 |
杂 质 总 合 |
|||||
S |
J |
S |
J |
|||||||||||
|
铝-硅合金 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
101号铸铝 |
ZL101 |
0.6 |
1.0 |
|
0.2 |
|
*0.5 |
0.3 |
|
0.001 |
0.005 |
1.2 |
1.6 |
2 |
102号铸铝 |
ZL102 |
0.8 |
1.0 |
|
0.6 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.3 |
|
0.001 |
0.005 |
2.2 |
2.3 |
3 |
103号铸铝 |
ZL103 |
0.6 |
1.2 |
|
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
0.001 |
0.005 |
1.2 |
1.8 |
4 |
104号铸铝 |
ZL104 |
0.6 |
0.9 |
|
0.3 |
|
|
0.3 |
|
0.001 |
0.005 |
1.2 |
1.5 |
5 |
105号铸铝 |
ZL105 |
0.6 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
0.3 |
|
0.001 |
0.005 |
1.1 |
1.4 |
6 |
106号铸铝 |
ZL106 |
0.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
0.001 |
0.005 |
1.0 |
|
7 |
107号铸铝 |
ZL107 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
|
|
0.1 |
0.5 |
0.3 |
|
0.001 |
0.005 |
1.0 |
1.2 |
8 |
108号铸铝 |
ZL108 |
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
|
*1.0 |
0.05 |
0.001 |
0.005 |
|
2.0 |
9 |
109号铸铝 |
ZL109 |
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
*0.6 |
0.2 |
|
0.001 |
0.005 |
|
1.2 |
10 |
110号铸铝 |
ZL110 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.5 |
0.6 |
|
0.001 |
0.005 |
|
2.7 |
11 |
111号铸铝 |
ZL111 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.1~0.35 |
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
铝-铜合金 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12 |
201号铸铝 |
ZL201 |
0.3 |
|
0.3 |
|
0.05 |
|
0.2 |
0.1 |
|
|
1.0 |
3.0 |
13 |
202号铸铝 |
ZL202 |
1.0 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
|
0.3 |
0.5 |
0.8 |
0.5 |
|
0.01 |
2.8 |
2.5 |
14 |
203号铸铝 |
ZL203 |
0.8 |
1.0 |
1.5 |
|
0.03 |
0.35 |
0.35 |
|
|
|
2.2 |
|
|
铝-镁合金 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
301号铸铝 |
ZL301 |
0.3 |
|
0.3 |
0.1 |
|
0.1 |
0.1 |
|
0.07 |
|
|
|
16 |
302号铸铝 |
ZL302 |
0.5 |
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
0.2` |
|
0.2 |
|
1.3 |
|
|
铝-锌合金 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.7 |
|
17 |
401号铸铝 |
ZL401 |
0.8 |
1.2 |
|
0.6 |
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
|
1.8 |
2.0 |
18 |
402号铸铝 |
ZL402 |
0.5 |
0.8 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
|
1.5 |
1.8 |
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